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¹ University of Karachi, Science, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan (75270)
² University of Karachi, Science, Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan (75270)
³ University of Karachi, Science, Department of Biotechnology, Karachi, Pakistan (75270) DOI : 10.4194/GA923 Viewed : 42 - Downloaded : 25 Crab identification based on morphology is not precise and requires high taxonomic expertise; therefore, molecular identification is used as an alternative and accurate technique for identification. This study investigates the population dynamics and genetic diversity of the P. pelagicus species complex. Two mt-DNA genes, 16S rRNA and Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI), were employed for analysis. The study identified significant genetic diversity within the two new records from Pakistan, with 19 haplotypes in P. reticulatus and 9 in P. segnis. Neutrality tests and mismatch distributions indicated population expansion, with significant negative values. AMOVA results highlighted genetic differentiation and population structuring in P. segnis, necessitating urgent local conservation efforts to protect the unique genetic compositions of each population. Simultaneously, the genetic connectivity observed in P. reticulatus suggests that conservation strategies should prioritise maintaining and enhancing gene flow among populations. The median-joining network clarified phylogenetic relationships, revealing shared and rare haplotypes. Haplotype network analysis uncovers the central role of specific haplotypes in maintaining genetic connectivity, offering insights into past population dynamics. This study highlights the importance of species-specific conservation approaches in preserving the genetic diversity and evolutionary potential of species in the Indo-West Pacific region, with practical implications for conservation efforts. Keywords : Genetic diversity, Population dynamics Portunus pelagicus species complex, mt-DNA Phylogeographic analysis